The central dogma of Biology
page construite le 27/12/2025 par JBoscq
Two exercises are provided to demonstrate your mastery of the central dogma of biology, which you studied in your biology class in French.
Have fun finding the solutions…
A- Transcription and translation : a little exercise
1) Use the base sequence for mRNA to complete the columns on the following table.
| DNA | mRNA | |
| G | ||
| G | ||
| U | ||
| C | ||
| U | ||
| A | ||
| U | ||
| G | ||
| U | ||
| C | ||
| A | ||
| G | ||
| G | ||
| C | ||
| C | ||
| A | ||
| C | ||
| C | ||
| U | ||
| G | ||
| C | ||
| C | ||
| G | ||
| C | ||
| G | ||
| G | ||
| A | ||
| C | ||
| U | ||
| Complement | Template | |
The genetic code:
2. Describe the relationship between the gene sequence and the mRNA sequence.
3. If the coding region of a protein coding gene contains 300 DNA nucleotides, how many amino acids will be used in protein synthesis?
4. If a protein has 150 amino acids, how many DNA nucleotides would make up the coding region of the gene?
6. What is the amino acid sequence for the very first part of the protein from the first page.
7. A protein has the following amino acid sequence. Construct a DNA nucleotide sequence of this portion of the gene.
Phenylalanine-Glycine-Glycine-Alanine-Proline-Valine-Asparagine-Alanine
8. If you compared your sequence to one constructed by a classmate, would you expect to see any variations? What would be the reason for the difference?
9. Complete the following table:
Nucleotide Components and Function
| Nucleic Acid Type | DNA | mRNA |
Name of the sugar present in nucleotides | ||
Name of bases present in nucleotides | ||
B- Links between DNA, RNA and protein : Exercise 2
Each column in the table below represents three nucleotides. Within each column, fill in the cells that are blank by using information from the cell that is not blank.
| Template strand | GGG | ||||
| Non-template strand | TAC | ||||
| mRNA | CCU | ||||
| tRNA | UCG | ||||
| Amino Acid | Leu |